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New 1.5 million-year-old Homo erectus maxilla from Sangiran (Central Java, Indonesia)
Zaim Y.a, Ciochon R.L.b, Polanski J.M.c, Grine F.E.d, Bettis E.A.b, Rizal Y.a, Franciscus R.G.b, Larick R.R.e, Heizler M.f, Aswana, Eaves K.L.b, Marsh H.E.b
a Department of Geology, Institute of Technology Bandung, Indonesia
b Department of Anthropology and Museum of Natural History, University of Iowa, United States
c Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, United States
d Departments of Anthropology and Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, United States
e Helios Laser, United States
f New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, United States
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Sangiran (Solo Basin, Central Java, Indonesia) is the singular Homo erectus fossil locale for Early Pleistocene Southeast Asia. Sangiran is the source for more than 80 specimens in deposits with 40Ar/39Ar ages of 1.51-0.9 Ma. In April 2001, we recovered a H. erectus left maxilla fragment (preserving P3- M2) from the Sangiran site of Bapang. The find spot lies at the base of the Bapang Formation type section in cemented gravelly sands traditionally called the Grenzbank Zone. Two meters above the find spot, pumice hornblende has produced an 40Ar/39Ar age of 1.51 ± 0.08 Ma. With the addition of Bpg 2001.04, Sangiran now has five H. erectus maxillae. We compare the new maxilla with homologs representing Sangiran H. erectus, Zhoukoudian H. erectus, Western H. erectus (pooled African and Georgian specimens), and Homo habilis. Greatest contrast is with the Zhoukoudian maxillae, which appear to exhibit a derived pattern of premolar-molar relationships compared to Western and Sangiran H. erectus. The dental patterns suggest distinct demic origins for the earlier H. erectus populations represented at Sangiran and the later population represented at Zhoukoudian. These two east Asian populations, separated by 5000 km and nearly 800 k.yr., may have had separate origins from different African/west Eurasian populations. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]40Ar/39Ar dating,Bapang formation,Dmanisi,Grenzbank zone,Hominin evolution,Homo habilis,Sangiran formation,Southeast asia,Zhoukoudian[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]The Institute of Technology Bandung (ITB) and the University of Iowa (UI) collaborated in this research, with assistance from the Indonesian Geological Research and Development Centre (GRDC) in Bandung. This research was carried out under the following field research permits from the Indonesian Institute of Sciences and RISTEK: 7450/V3/KS/1998, 3174/V3/KS/1999, 4301/1.3/KS/2001, 4212/SU/KU/2003, 03799/SU/KS/2006, 1718/FRP/SM/VII/08, and 04/TKPIPA/FRP/SM/IV/2010. Providing field assistance were Johan Arif (ITB), Suminto, Sutikno Bronto, the late Sudijono (GRDC), and Sujatmiko (National Archaeological Research Centre, Jakarta). At UI, James W. Rogers refined the digital graphics while Anna Waterman assisted with editing and referencing. Fieldwork funds were provided by the L.S.B. Leakey Foundation and the following UI sources: Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research , Central Investment Fund for Research Enhancement , Office of the Vice-President for Research , the Office of the Dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , and the Human Evolution Research Fund at the University of Iowa Foundation .[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.04.009[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]