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Observing and understanding the Southeast Asian aerosol system by remote sensing: An initial review and analysis for the Seven Southeast Asian Studies (7SEAS) program
Reid J.S., Hyer E.J., Johnson R.S., Holben B.N., Yokelson R.J., Zhang J., Campbell J.R., Christopher S.A., Di Girolamo L., Giglio L., Holz R.E., Kearney C., Miettinen J., Reid E.A., Turk F.J., Wang J., Xian P., Zhao G., Balasubramanian R., Chew B.N., Janjai S., Lagrosas N., Lestari P., Lin N.-H., Mahmud M., Nguyen A.X., Norris B., Oanh N.T.K., Oo M., Salinas S.V., Welton E.J., Liew S.C.
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Southeast Asia (SEA) hosts one of the most complex aerosol systems in the world, with convoluted meteorological scales, sharp geographic and socioeconomic features, high biological productivity, mixtures of a wide range of atmospheric pollutants, and likely a significant susceptibility to global climate change. This physical complexity of SEA is coupled with one of the world’s most challenging environments for both in situ and remote sensing observation. The 7-Southeast Asian Studies (7SEAS) program was formed to facilitate interdisciplinary research into the integrated SEA aerosol environment via grass roots style collaboration. In support of the early 7SEAS program and the affiliated Southeast Asia Composition, Cloud, Climate Coupling Regional Study (SEAC4RS), this review was created to outline the network of connections linking aerosol particles in SEA with meteorology, climate and the total earth system. In this review, we focus on and repeatedly link back to our primary data source: satellite aerosol remote sensing and associated observability issues. We begin with a brief rationale for the program, outlining key aerosol impacts and, comparing their magnitudes to the relative uncertainty of observations. We then discuss aspects of SEA’s physical, socio-economic and biological geography relevant to meteorology and observability issues associated with clouds and precipitation. We show that not only does SEA pose significant observability challenges for aerosol particles, but for clouds and precipitation as well. With the fundamentals of the environment outlined, we explore SEA’s most studied aerosol issue: biomass burning. We summarize research on bulk aerosol properties for SEA, including a short synopsis of recent AERONET observations. We describe long range transport patterns. Finally, considerable attention is paid to satellite aerosol observability issues, with a face value comparison of common aerosol products in the region including passive and active aerosol products as well as fluxes. We show that satellite data products diverge greatly due to a host of known artifacts. These artifacts have important implications for how research is conducted, and care must be taken when using satellite products to study aerosol problems. The paper ends with a discussion of how the community can approach this complex and important environment. © 2012.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Aerosol remote sensing,Atmospheric pollutants,Biological productivity,Biomass-burning,Global climate changes,Interdisciplinary research,Maritime Continent,Southeast Asia[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Aerosol,Air Pollution,Biomass Burning,Maritime Continent,Meteorology,Remote Sensing,Southeast Asia[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]This paper was compiled with the efforts of many individuals on the 7 Southeast Asian Studies team across Southeast Asia and the United States. Funding for the construction of this review was predominantly through the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program and the NASA Interdisciplinary Science Program . We are grateful to the AERONET program and its members for the use of Southeast Asian regional data. Randall Johnson and Jianglong Zhang were supported by the Office of Naval Research Code 32 . James Campbell was supported by the Office of Naval Research Code 32 . F. Joseph Turk’s contribution was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration . Larry Di Girolamo was partially supported under contract with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Vietnam funding provided by the program for application-oriented fundamental research projects ( Ministry of Science and Technology ). We would like to thank Ralph Kahn and Andrew Sayer (NASA GSFC) for helpful comments. We are very grateful to the two anonymous reviewers for taking the time to perform a thorough review of this long manuscript and making many helpful suggestions. Finally, we remember our friend and colleague, Dr. Greg Leptoukh who recently passed away. He was instrumental in creating innovative ways to visualize and analyze satellite aerosol products. He will be greatly missed.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.06.005[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]