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Synthesis of spherical macroporous WO3 particles and their high photocatalytic performance
Nandiyanto A.B.D.a,b, Arutanti O.a, Ogi T.a, Iskandar F.c, Kim T.O.d, Okuyama K.a
a Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Japan
b Departemen Kimia, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia
c Department of Physics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
d Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, South Korea
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Tungsten trioxide (WO3) materials have excellent performance in transferring visible-light energy and are widely used in photocatalysis, solar cells, and hydrogen generation. However, WO3 is expensive and in short supply. It is therefore important to develop efficient materials that use smaller amounts of WO3. One strategy is to produce porous materials so that the entire area of the WO3 material can be used and activated effectively. In this study, we synthesized macroporous WO3 particles using a spray-pyrolysis method with colloidal templating. Ammonium tungsten pentahydrate (ATP) was used to produce WO3 without impurities, and polystyrene (PS) spheres were used to promote spherical macropore formation. The synthesized particles were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Several process parameters (i.e. initial precursor concentration and mass ratio between host and template) were investigated to get highly ordered porous particles with controllable porous structure and particle outer diameter. Photocatalytic analysis results showed that the amount of PS that provided the optimum photocatalytic enhancement. Our results showed that a PS/ATP mass ratio of 0.60 provided WO3 particles with a photocatalytic rate 2.5 times that of dense WO3. TEM analysis showed that highly ordered macropores were produced, enabling better penetration and interaction of molecules and light in the deepest part of the active catalyst, resulting in enhancement of the photocatalytic rate. This method will be useful for large-scale synthesis of small amounts of WO3 with high photocatalytic performance. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Hydrogen generations,Large scale synthesis,Macroporous,Photocatalytic performance,Precursor concentration,Spray-drying method,Synthesized particles,Tungsten trioxide[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Macroporous particles,Photodegradation,Polystyrene,Rapid production,Spray-drying method,Tungsten trioxide[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]A.B.D.N. acknowledges support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Fellowship (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, No. 2300107000 ). This research was also supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) (No. 23760729 ) and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (No. 22246099 ) sponsored by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology scholarship (MEXT).[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2013.06.049[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]