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A new vegetation index for detecting vegetation anomalies due to mineral deposits with application to a tropical forest area
Hede A.N.H.a,b, Kashiwaya K.a, Koike K.a, Sakurai S.
a Laboratory of Environmental Geosphere Engineering, Department of Urban Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
b Earth Resources Exploration Research Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
c Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8306, Japan
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2015 Elsevier Inc.This study aimed at developing a geobotanical remote sensing method to explore mineral deposits in areas covered by thick vegetation. For this, a new vegetation index (VI) is proposed using reflectance data from five bands in the visible green to shortwave infrared region. This index is called VIGS (Vegetation Index considering Greenness and Shortwave infrared), developed so that the VI can accurately detect vegetation stress caused by metal contamination of soils. A set of laboratory experiments was conducted to demonstrate the capability of VIGS, which investigates change in reflectance spectra based on the concentration of four selected metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd) in soils. The results show that VIGS values are more sensitive to vegetation stress than the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and can amplify the stress difference, depending on soil metal contents. The VIGS is further examined for a mineralized area containing hydrothermal copper deposits in Jambi, central Sumatra, Indonesia, for which a set of geochemical data of the top layer composed of weathered rocks and soils were systematically obtained. Through kriging of point content data, the spatial distributions of Cu, Pb, and Zn in soil are found to be strongly correlated with the geology and controlled by faults. Using one Landsat ETM+ scene image after atmospheric correction, VIGS values are calculated by a combination of reflectances in bands 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7. The effectiveness of VIGS is proven by this case study, because VIGS anomalies appeared in high-content zones common to the threemetals. This concordance probably originated fromthe fact that plant formations (mainly primary forest) in the high metal zones are closely related to the geological units.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Geobotany,Landsat ETM+,Metal content,Reflectance spectrum,Vegetation index[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Geobotany,Landsat ETM+ image,Metal content,Reflectance spectra,Vegetation index[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]The authors wish to express their gratitude to Dr. John Carranza and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions that helped improve the clarity of the manuscript. This research was partially supported by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) through Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) .[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.10.006[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]