[vc_empty_space][vc_empty_space]
Coastal sea level monitoring in indonesia: Connecting the tide gauge zero to leveling benchmarks
Illigner J.a, Sofian I.b, Abidin H.Z.c, Syafi’i M.A.b, Schone T.a
a Helmholtz Zentrum Potsdam, GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Potsdam, Germany
b Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG), Cibinong, Indonesia
c Geodesy Research Group, Institute of Technology Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.After the tsunami in 2004, Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG), Indonesia, and its international partners established a large network of coastal tide gauge stations for the Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (InaTEWS). In the frame of the German Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (GITEWS), Germany donated ten tide gauge stations equipped with geodetic GNSS receivers and recently three more stations for subsidence monitoring. This network establishes a backbone for dedicated sea level research projects, for tsunami warnings, for subsidence monitoring and for the unification of the national height reference system. The radar sensors of the tide gauges establish long-term control points to connect the tide gauge zero to the leveling benchmarks and thus to the local height system. This paper evaluates the individual station offsets of the radar gauge zero, which is essential to connect the measured sea level to the vertical control network (VCN).[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Coastal sea level,Coastal tide gauges,Dipping,International partners,Reference systems,Subsidence monitoring,Tide gauges,Tsunami early-warning systems[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Dipping,GNSS-controlled tide gauges,Indonesian height reference system,Radar gauge reference offset,Radar tide gauges[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]The authors wish to acknowledge the work of their colleagues at BIG and GFZ doing the field work, the local tide gauge operators, and also the observers on other stations performing the dipper measurements, in particular Sayed Nourbakhsh (Iran), Mustafa Esmail (Yemen) and the operators of Karachi and Takoradi. Also the work of PSMSL in preparing and storing the dipper sheets is acknowledged. Tide Gauge data have been downloaded from the IOC Sea Level Monitoring Facility. Also the work of ODINAFRICA is highly appreciated. The author would also like to thank the Pakistan Navy and the Gwadar Port Authority. The stations Kolinamil (Jakarta) and Semarang are operated by BIG and GFZ under the Geodetic Hazard Monitoring program of GFZ. Mtwara (Tanzania), Jask (Iran) and Chabahar (Iran) are operated by GFZ with the support of NCC (Iran) and the Tanzania Ports Authority. The work has been carried out under the German Ministry of Research and Education grant 03TSU07. We also thank the three anonymous reviewers for the helpful comments.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1007/1345_2015_23[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]