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Soil burial degradation of Oil Palm Shell (OPS) nanofiller and Phenol Formaldehyde (PF) resin-impregnated Oil Palm Trunk Lumber (OPTL): Dimensional stability and mechanical properties
Dungani R.a, Abdul Khalil H.P.S.b, Islam Md.N.c, Sumardi I.a, Aditiawati P.a, Hadiyane A.a
a School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
b School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, 11800, Malaysia
c School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Copyright © 2016 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.In the present study, oil palm trunk lumber (OPTL) was chemically modified by impregnation with oil palm shell (OPS) nanofiller and phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin as a bulking agent (polymer matrix). A vacuum-pressure technique was used to impregnate OPTL stakes with phenol formaldehyde (PF) and OPS nanoparticles at 1, 3, 5, and 10% w/w. The resulting composite materials were buried in soil according to the BS EN ISO 846 standard for 6 and 12 months. After the designated burial period, structural and morphological changes in OPTL stakes were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Furthermore, dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the samples were assessed according to the standards. Water absorption of OPTL stakes was greatly reduced with PF-OPS nanofiller, resulting in less decay. Weight loss of the OPTL samples decreased with increasing OPS nanofiller concentration. Moreover, there was no significant decrease in physical and mechanical properties after 12 months of soil burial when compared with those at 6 months. The results of the study indicated that OPS nanofiller impregnation protected OPTL against microbial degradation during soil burial and 5% addition of OPS nanofiller in PF resin were sufficient to limit the decay by microbes. Therefore it can be concluded that PF-OPS nanofiller impregnation into OPTL might be a good alternative for microbial resistant of wood products.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) spectroscopy,Microbial degradation,Nano-fillers,Oil palm,Oil palm trunks,Physical and mechanical properties,Soil burial degradation,Soil burials[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Nanofillers,Oil palm shell,Oil palm trunk lumber,PF-impregnation,Soil burial[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2016.1585[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]