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Microwave-assisted reduction method under nitrogen atmosphere for synthesis and electrical conductivity improvement of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)
Iskandar F.a, Hikmah U.a, Stavila E.a, Aimon A.H.a
a Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry.A facile method to synthesize rGO using a microwave-assisted method under N2-atmosphere conditions is reported. Two different reducing agents were used in this research, hydrazine hydrate and l-ascorbic acid (l-AA). The reduction of graphene oxide was completed in 3 minutes by the microwave-assisted method under N2-atmosphere conditions. The structures and morphologies of both rGOs prepared by this new method were confirmed by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), confirming the formation of rGO. Four-point probe measurements showed an electrical conductivity of 18.10 S cm-1 for the rGO reduced by hydrazine hydrate and 12.02 S cm-1 for the rGO reduced by l-AA. Combining this new method with annealing at 300 °C for 30 min resulted in a higher electrical conductivity: up to 23.26 S cm-1 for the rGO reduced by hydrazine hydrate and up to 16.19 S cm-1 for the rGO reduced by l-AA. This study provides a new perspective on synthesizing rGO with high electrical conductivity using an effective and efficient method.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared,Electrical conductivity,Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry,Four-point probe measurements,High electrical conductivity,Microwave assisted reduction,Microwave-assisted methods,Reduced graphene oxides (RGO)[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]This work was supported by Program Penelitian, Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat dan Inovasi (P3MI), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB). We gratefully acknowledge Mr. Dadang Suhendra for his assistance in the modication of the microwave equipment for achieving N2-atmosphere conditions. We would like to thank Dr. Arramel and Ms. Tan Wei Ling (National University of Singapore) for their kind assistance in Raman measurements. U. Hikmah acknowledges Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan (LPDP), Ministry of Finance of Indonesia for their scholarship. E. Stavila thanks the Insentif Postdoc Program, ITB, for their nancial support.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ra10013b[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]