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Assessment of pitch floodlighting and glare condition in the Main Stadium of Gelora Bung Karno, Indonesia
Mangkuto R.A.a, Rachman A.P.a, Aulia A.G.a, Asri A.D.a, Rohmah M.a
a Laboratory of Building Physics and Acoustics, Engineering Physics Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2017 Elsevier LtdLighting for pitch area of a football stadium is an important aspect to consider in the design and operation phase. Despite the provided guidelines and regulations, actual conditions of lighting and visual comfort in stadiums are seldom reported. This article discusses the measurement of pitch floodlighting and glare condition in a stadium, taking the Main Stadium of Gelora Bung Karno (GBK) in Jakarta, Indonesia as a case study. The objectives are to determine the existing conditions of actual lighting performance and glare rating on and around the pitch area. A series of measurement following the FIFA guideline and other novel techniques in lighting technology such as applying high dynamic range (HDR) photograph images were conducted. The average horizontal illuminance on the pitch was measured 1300 lx, much lower than the minimum criterion of 3500 lx. Uniformity on the pitch for horizontal, vertical, and 30° tilted illuminance was also much smaller than the required minimum values. Based on luminance maps of the HDR images, no risk of glare is estimated on and around the pitch. The existing floodlights at the tribune’s roof are recommended to be replaced and added. To assess the proposed design concept, a total of 592 units of LED floodlights, each having 500 W, 55000 lm, and 17° beam angle, were introduced in simulation models. The floodlights were proposed to be installed in typical arrays consisting of four horizontal rows. The resulting horizontal illuminance variables and glare ratings at all points have been shown to satisfy the recommended criteria.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Actual conditions,Design and operations,Football stadiums,High dynamic range,High dynamic range images,Lighting technology,Novel techniques,Uniformity[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Floodlight,Football stadium,Glare rating,High dynamic range image,Lighting,Uniformity[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]The field assessments in this study was supported by the Management Centre of Gelora Bung Karno Complex (PPK-GBK) under the auspices of the Ministry of State Secretariat of the Republic of Indonesia. Luminaire samples for the floodlight simulation study was provided by PT Nobi Putra Angkasa. Mhd. Akbar Anthony Siregar, BSc was acknowledged for his technical support in the simulation design and analyses. Partial content of this study has been orally presented at SENVAR-iNTA-AVAN 2015 in Johor, Malaysia, on 24-26 November 2015.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2017.12.016[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]