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The Effect of Service Time on Carbide Volume Fraction and Hardness of Catalyst Tube Materials
Bastian M.a, Sugiharto E.b, Ardy H.c
a Department of Inspection, PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja, Palembang, Indonesia
b Department of Inspection, PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja, Palembang, Indonesia
c Department of Material Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The effect of service time on secondary carbides formation in reformer furnace tubes has been studied to obtain a relationship between carbide volume fraction, service time, and hardness. Tube material is Kubota KHR35CT which is part of ASTM A297 HP class. The study was performed by examinations of microstructural evolution and hardness. The microstructures were examined using optical and scanning electron microscopes of the new tube, and the other tubes that had been in service for 17,500; 96,300 and 113,800 hours at 850°C. Carbide volume fraction was measured using image analyzer. Carbide volume fraction of the new tube is 7.72%, and increased to 8.86% after 17,500 hours, 9.54% after 96,300 hours, and 10.95% after 113,800 hours. The increase in carbide volume fraction to 8.86 % did not affect the hardness substantially because the hardness only increases from 191 to 198 BHN. However, increasing exposure times to 96,300 and 113,800 hours decreased the hardness to 170 and 173 BHN respectively. These decreases in hardness may be corresponding to the coarsening and agglomeration of carbide particles due to longer exposure time at 850°C.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Carbide particles,Carbide precipitate,Carbide volume fraction,Catalyst tubes,Exposure-time,Image analyzers,Secondary carbides,Tube materials[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]carbide precipitate,catalyst tube,creep,degradation,microstructure[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]The author (MB) is grateful to PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja Palembang for financial support during graduate study at Materials Engineering Department, Bandung Institute of Technology.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/547/1/012041[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]