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Do motorcycle-based ride-hailing apps threaten bus ridership? A hybrid choice modeling approach with latent variables
Irawan M.Z.a, Belgiawan P.F.b, Joewono T.B.c, Simanjuntak N.I.M.a
a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
b School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
c Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, Bandung, 40117, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.The emergence of motorcycle-based ride-hailing services provides more transportation options to users in developing countries like Indonesia. However, many people currently believe that the availability of these new options threatens the demand for public transportation. This study aims to understand the latent factors that influence passengers to prefer bus service over motorcycle-based ride-hailing. The study includes 19 variables and applies a hybrid choice model by employing 703 bus passenger responses in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Our analysis shows three latent variables that most significantly impact the selection of bus service over motorcycle-based ride-hailing: forced bus use, bus service quality, and favorable conditions for bus use. These three variables were influential enough to outweigh the potential time and cost savings of motorcycle ride-hailing. The results also indicate that the decision of which option to use is significantly influenced by users’ age and income. Lastly, results of our analysis show that future bus service demand will depend on how much buses can improve to meet users’ needs, if they are to win the competition over transportation options that can be booked online such as motorcycle ride-hailing.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Bus services,Choice model,Choice modeling approaches,Favorable conditions,Latent factor,Latent variable,Potential-time,Public transportation[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]BUS,Hybrid choice model,Latent variables,Motorcycle-based ride-hailing[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Funding was provided by the Indonesian Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education. 1 See the Minister of Transportation Decree No. 430/2015. Available at: http://jdih.dephub.go.id/assets/uudocs/kepmen/2015/KP_430_Tahun_2015.pdf . 2 See: https://www.onlinemarketplaces.com/articles/23532-Ride-hailing-industry-heats-up-as-Gojek-fund-raises-1-billion . 3 See: https://tekno.kompas.com/read/2017/12/18/07092867/berapa-jumlah-pengguna-dan-pengemudi-go-jek . 4 See: https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Companies/Grab-s-dominance-in-Southeast-Asia-will-not-go-unchallenged . 5 See: http://www.korlantas-irsms.info/graph/accidentData . 6 1 USD = 14,159 IDR. 7 See the Governor Decree No. 80/2017. Available at: http://jdih.jogjaprov.go.id/storage/20170710013230_skgub80_2017.pdf .[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1007/s12469-019-00217-w[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]