[vc_empty_space][vc_empty_space]
Experiment and modeling of the rice winnowing process: granular segregation method from an ancient era
Munir R.a, Rahmayanti H.D.a, Murniati R.a, Rahman D.Y.a, Utami F.D.a, Viridi S.a, Abdullah M.a
a Department of Physics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.Rice winnowing, a process of separating small and large rice grains by air flow, has been practiced since ancient human eras, especially in societies where rice is the main source of carbohydrates (in Asia, Africa, and Latin America). Indeed, this process includes rich scientific rules but was never documented by past societies. Here, we report experimental and simulation investigations of granular segregation by winnowing. Undulating a tray during the winnowing process generates air circulation above the tray. Simulation results showed that the outward component of the air velocity was very large near the tray surface when the tray approached the horizontal position after completing one undulation cycle. This air motion generated forces to falling grains, the accelerations of which are different for grains of different sizes, resulting in separation of grains based on sizes, where the smaller grains were thrown far away toward the tray outer edge. The simulation results can explain well the experimental observations either conducted by manual winnowing or by using a generated air circulation. These results could be useful for designing a new method for separating grains based on size or density. These results also prove that the habits practiced by society in the past are scientific phenomena that have not necessarily been scientifically documented.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Air circulation,Air velocities,Different sizes,Grain segregation,Granular segregation,Rice winnowing,Simulation,Undulation[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Grain segregation,Rice winnowing,Simulation,Undulation[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]The Doctoral Research Grant 2019 for R.M. and The PMDSU fellowships for H.D.R and F.D.U., both from the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia are highly acknowledged. This work was also supported by KK Research Grant from Bandung Institute of Technology 2019.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1007/s10035-019-0991-6[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]