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Specifying recharge zones and mechanisms of the transitional geothermal field through hydrogen and oxygen isotope analyses with consideration of water-rock interaction
Shoedarto R.M.a, Tada Y.a, Kashiwaya K.a, Koike K.a, Iskandar I.b
a Department of Urban Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
b Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institute Technology of Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2019 Elsevier LtdRecharge mechanism and water–rock interaction (WRI) along the recharge flows in a transitional geothermal system that characterize the chemical and physical properties of vapor and liquid phases, has not yet been fully understood due to complexities of fluid origin and geologic structure. To clarify the fluid origin and WRI processes in the system, this study applied hydrogen and oxygen isotope, B, Cl, and rare alkali metals analyses by considering fractionation characteristics of 18O in rocks and liquid phases, and correction of δ2H and δ18O values in the steam composition. The investigation were done by using 20 samples collected from liquid-dominated, vapor-dominated, and two-phase wells in one of transitional reservoir fields in West Java, Indonesia. The isotopic fractionation factors calculated from a single-step steam separation clearly divided the samples into four zones: boiling parent fluid, vapor, condensate fluid, and diluted steam-heated fluid. The parent fluid that has initial Cl− concentration of 10,000 mg/kg and low water-rock ratio of W/R ≤ 0.2 compositions was found to be the most essential part of the recharge system. Recharge mechanism involves meteoric water from the elevation of 1200 m – 1300 m a.s.l. infiltrates deeply through NE-SW regional faults, and becomes the parent fluid in the reservoir. The residual fluid after boiling of the parent fluid remains in the liquid reservoir with W/R ≤ 0.2, while the vapor phase forms a parasitic steam cap above the liquid reservoir with 0.2 ≤ W/R ≤ 0.7.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Chemical and physical properties,Condensate waters,Fractionation characteristics,Geologic structures,Heated waters,Isotopic fractionation factors,Meteoric waters,Water rock interactions[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Boiling reservoir,Condensate water,Mixing meteoric water,Parent fluid,Steam-Heated water,Trace alkali metals[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][{‘$’: ‘This study was supported by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) through SATREPS (Grant No. JPMJSA1401 ) in collaboration with Kyoto University, Bandung Institute of Technology, and an Indonesian company. The authors gratefully acknowledge all collaborators for collecting and analyzing samples in Indonesia and Japan, Research Institute of Humanity and Nature for the use of ICP-MS. Sincere thanks are extended to two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions that helped improve the clarity of the manuscript. Appendix A’}, {‘$’: ‘This study was supported by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) through SATREPS (Grant No. JPMJSA1401) in collaboration with Kyoto University, Bandung Institute of Technology, and an Indonesian company. The authors gratefully acknowledge all collaborators for collecting and analyzing samples in Indonesia and Japan, Research Institute of Humanity and Nature for the use of ICP-MS. Sincere thanks are extended to two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions that helped improve the clarity of the manuscript.’}][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2019.101797[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]