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Local governance and access to urban services: Political and social inclusion in Indonesia
Salim W.a, Drenth M.a
a School of Architecture, Planning and Policy Development, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.This study examines relationships between local democracy and the barriers to political and social inclusion of marginalized communities in two cities in Indonesia: Bandung as an example of metropolitan city; and Surakarta to give the perspective of a middle-sized city. Since Indonesia has implemented decentralization reforms, local governments carry out basic service delivery. The central government primarily facilitates local government with funding and policies such as slum improvements and financial support for the poor. A central theme in both central government policies and local government programs is the empowerment of marginalized communities of both their mindset and skills to earn. The community perception of government performance is generally high, except for the aspects of the politicization of public services. A difference between Surakarta and Bandung is that the respondents in Bandung believe the city has high levels of corruption. Generally, the respondents are more satisfied with the service delivery by the different government levels within the city, compared to the provincial and central governments and NGOs. This seems to be related to the higher level of interaction with local institutions and their services that benefit the communities. Both cities have recently implemented services to improve public participation, accountability, transparency and access to urban services. The main factors that led to these innovations are inclusive leadership, a community approach, allowing citizens to voice their aspirations, and the smart city concept. Informing marginalized groups about these services could empower them and contribute to the success of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Accountability,Barriers to engagement,Innovation factors,Participation,Satisfaction,Slum dwellers,Transparency[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Indonesia has a long history of slum improvement programs. The Kampung Improvement Program (KIP) is considered as one of the most important and successful slum upgrading projects in the world. Some of the more recent programs include: (1) Urban Poverty Alleviation Project (UPP), between 1999 and 2005—a World Bank funded project aimed at alleviating poverty in urban areas; (2) Neighbourhood Upgrading and Shelter Sector Project (NUSSP) implemented from 2005 to 2010 in 32 cities by the Ministry of Public Works, which focused on both infrastructure and housing (funded by the Asian Development Bank) (ADB 2012); (3) National Program for Community Empowerment Urban or PNPM Urban, which is financially and technically supported by the World Bank to become a nationwide program using the state budget, implemented between 2007 and 2014; and (4) Support for Self-help Housing Stimulus, focusing on housing rehabilitation, operated by the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing. All these programs involved the allocation of small grants to communities, the cooperation of central and local governments, the communities themselves and in some cases public-private partnerships.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2973-3_7[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]