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A data-intensive approach to address food sustainability: Integrating optic and microwave satellite imagery for developing long-term global cropping intensity and sowing month from 2001 to 2015
Sakti A.D.a, Takeuchi W.
a Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Science Research Group, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
b Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2020 by the authors.It is necessary to develop a sustainable food production system to ensure future food security around the globe. Cropping intensity and sowing month are two essential parameters for analyzing the food-water-climate tradeoff as food sustainability indicators. This study presents a global-scale analysis of cropping intensity and sowing month from 2000 to 2015, divided into three groups of years. The study methodology integrates the satellite-derived normalized vegetation index (NDVI) of 16-day composite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and daily land-surface-water coverage (LSWC) data obtained from The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E/2) in 1-km aggregate pixel resolution. A fast Fourier transform was applied to normalize the MODIS NDVI time-series data. By using advanced methods with intensive optic and microwave time-series data, this study set out to anticipate potential dynamic changes in global cropland activity over 15 years representing the Millennium Development Goal period. These products are the first global datasets that provide information on crop activities in 15-year data derived from optic and microwave satellite data. The results show that in 2000-2005, the total global double-crop intensity was 7.1 million km2, which increased to 8.3 million km2 in 2006-2010, and then to approximately 8.6 million km2 in 2011-2015. In the same periods, global triple-crop agriculture showed a rapid positive growth from 0.73 to 1.12 and then 1.28 million km2, respectively. The results show that Asia dominated doubleand triple-crop growth, while showcasing the expansion of single-cropping area in Africa. The finer spatial resolution, combined with a long-term global analysis, means that this methodology has the potential to be applied in several sustainability studies, from global-to local-level perspectives.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]AMSR-E/2 LSWC,Global cropping intensity,Land surface phenology,Long-term sowing month,MODIS NDVI[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][{‘$’: ‘Funding: This project was funded by Research, Community Service and Innovation Program provided by Institut Teknologi Bandung, Kurita Asia Research Grant (19Pid017) provided by Kurita Water and Environment Foundation, and MIRA program of the Ministry of Research and Higher Education of Indonesia.’}, {‘$’: ‘This project was funded by Research, Community Service and Innovation Program provided by Institut Teknologi Bandung, Kurita Asia Research Grant (19Pid017) provided by Kurita Water and Environment Foundation, and MIRA program of the Ministry of Research and Higher Education of Indonesia. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Global Leader Program for Social Design and Management by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science and Technology Japan, KuritaWater and Environment Foundation, MIRA program of the Ministry of Research and Higher Education of Indonesia and Institut Teknologi Bandung. We also thank the anonymous reviewers whose valuable comments greatly helped us to prepare an improved and clearer version of this paper. All persons and institutes who kindly made their data available for this analysis are acknowledged.’}, {‘$’: ‘Acknowledgments: The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Global Leader Program for Social Design and Management by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science and Technology Japan, Kurita Water and Environment Foundation, MIRA program of the Ministry of Research and Higher Education of Indonesia and Institut Teknologi Bandung. We also thank the anonymous reviewers whose valuable comments greatly helped us to prepare an improved and clearer version of this paper. All persons and institutes who kindly made their data available for this analysis are acknowledged.’}][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12083227[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]