Using kraft black liquor on coconut wood (Cocos nucifera) through impregnation with vacuum pressure method
Dungani R.a, Karliati T.a, Hadiyane A.a, Tanaka T.b, Yamada M.b, Hartati S.c, Malik J.d
a School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
b Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
c Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, 45363, Indonesia
d Forestry Products Research and Development Center, Ministry of Environment and Forestry Indonesia, Bogor, 16610, Indonesia
Abstract
© 2020, Indian Academy of Wood Science.This study was conducted to enhance the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of the short cycle coconut wood (SC-CTL) by impregnating with the kraft black liquor (BL) and black liquor/phenol formaldehyde (BL/PF) resin. The SC-CTL was impregnated with different kraft BL and BL/PF resin concentrations (i.e., 10, 15, 20 and 25% w/w) using the vacuum pressure method. Dimensional stability, mechanical and thermal properties of the impregnated SC-CTL were analyzed according to the standards. The results showed that the impregnation of BL/PF resin into SC-CTL have improved the coconut wood’s dimensional stability, mechanical and thermal properties. The morphology of coconut wood’s cells loaded with BL/PF resin clearly showed a full penetration. The results also suggested that the addition of 20% BL/PF resin was sufficient to enhance the dimensional stability, mechanical and thermal properties of SC-CTL. Thus, it is evident that the BL has the potentiality to be used as impregnant in SC-CTL through impregnation with vacuum-pressure method.
Author keywords
Indexed keywords
Black liquor,Coconut wood,Flexural strength,Impregnation,Tensile strength
Funding details
[{‘$’: ‘The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Research, Technology and High Education (RISTEKDIKTI), Indonesia, for providing Research Grant No. 127/SP2H/PTNBH/DRPM/2018. The authors would also like to thank the Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Japan.’}, {‘$’: ‘The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Research, Technology and High Education (RISTEKDIKTI), Indonesia, for providing Research Grant No. 127/SP2H/PTNBH/DRPM/2018. The authors would also like to thank the Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Japan.’}]