[vc_empty_space][vc_empty_space]
Geopolymer–carbonated apatite nanocomposites with magnesium and strontium trace elements for dental restorative materials
Sutanto D.a,b, Satari M.H.b, Hernowo B.S.b, Priosoeryanto B.P.c, Septawendar R.d, Asri L.A.T.W.e, Purwasasmita B.S.e
a Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, 40164, Indonesia
b Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology, Padjajaran University, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia
c Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Veterinary Pathology, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
d Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Advanced Ceramics, Glass, and Enamel, Center for Ceramics, Ministry of Industry of Indonesia, Bandung, 40272, Indonesia
e Materials Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2020, The Korean Ceramic Society.Geopolymer and carbonated apatite are potential materials for dental restoration. We reported the synthesis of geopolymer–carbonated apatite nanocomposite, highlighting the influence of trace elements in carbonated apatite toward mechanical, leachability and cytotoxicity properties. Various carbonated apatites were combined with metakaolin, followed by geopolymerization. The study revealed that with addition of Mg2+ and Sr2+, the geopolymer–carbonated apatite nanocomposites have the tendency to have lower mechanical properties. Geopolymer and geopolymer–carbonated apatite showed higher hardness, compressive strength, and modulus elasticity compared with geopolymer–carbonated apatite containing Mg2+ and/or Sr2+. Nevertheless, all samples showed mechanical properties that could be applied as dental restoration materials. Leaching assay confirmed the release of Na+ in all samples, originating from unreacted alkali activator. The Na+ concentration decreased significantly after 96 h of total washing, with the lowest value of 1 ppm. Cytotoxicity test was evaluated toward mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, indicating that all samples were not toxic to cells.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Alkali activators,Carbonated apatite,Cytotoxicity test,Dental restorations,Dental restorative materials,Geopolymerization,Mouse embryonic fibroblasts,Potential materials[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Carbonated apatite,Dental restorative materials,Geopolymer,Magnesium,Strontium[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]This work was supported by the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education program (Kemenristekdikti) doctoral grant 2018 and Faculty of Dentistry of Maranatha Christian University. We thank Hernindya Dwifulqi for assistance with mechanical testing. L.A.T.W. A thanks to Community Service and Innovation Grant Program-ITB.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1007/s43207-020-00060-x[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]