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Study of the composition, fuel parameter and triangular graph of a gasoline and aqueous ethanol fuel blend in a single phase
SANGIAN H.F.a, IBRAHIM A.R.a, MOSEY H.I.R.a, ROMBANG J.R.a, TANAUMA A.a, PASAU G.a, TONGKUKUT S.H.a, SAGAI F.a, PURWADI R.b, NEONUFA G.F.c, RORONG J.A.a, WIDJAJA A.d, TUHULOULA A.e, THAHIR R.f, SADJAB B.A.g, MASINAMBOW V.A.J.a, SRIANA T.h, FURQON Z.h, GNESTY S.Y.h
a Department of Physics, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, 95115, Indonesia
b Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
c Department of Agriculture Product Technology, UKAW Kupang, Indonesia
d Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
e Department of Chemical Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, 70124, Indonesia
f Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Samarinda, Samarinda, 75136, Indonesia
g Department of Physics, Halmahera University, North Maluku. Tobelo, 97762, Indonesia
h Department of Oil and Gas Processing Engineering, Polytechnic of Energy and Minerals, Cepu Blora, 58315, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2020 SYSCOM 18 S.R.L.. All rights reserved.This study investigates the composition and fuel parameters of a fuel blend of aqueous ethanol and gasoline, with RONs (Research Octane Numbers) of 90 and 92, called pertalite and pertamax in Indonesia, respectively. The emulsion fuel blend of gasoline and ethanol was prepared successfully, and the concentrations ranged from 80 to 98% (v/v). The steps employed in this work are as follows: First, the fermentation of sugar tapped from a palm tree (Arenga pinnata). The obtained liquor containing ethanol was distilled using a reflux still to separate ethanol and water. The purity of the ethanol obtained from the reflux process ranged from 80 to 96%, depending on the column temperature set. Ethanol solutions of 97 and 98% purities were obtained through an absorption method employing lime particles. Subsequently, aqueous ethanol was blended with gasoline manually inside a flask. It was discovered that the minimum ethanol concentration, which could be blended with pertalite to form a single-phase substance, was 80%. By using 80% ethanol in the blending process, the composition ratio of pertalite, pure ethanol, and water was recorded as 1:11.65:2.91 (in volume unit), while this was not the case with pertamax. The minimum ethanol concentration that could be blended with pertamax to form a single-phase emulsion was 88%, with a composition ratio of 1:5.91:0.81. The composition proportions of the three components with 96% ethanol were 1:0.27:0.01 (RON 90) and 1:0.41:0.02 (RON 92). It was observed that the higher the ethanol concentration, the less the amount of ethanol required for the blending process with gasoline to form a single-phase emulsion.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Composition,Emulsion,Ethanol,Gasoline[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Acknowledgments. The authors would like to acknowledge the Higher Education Department of the Indonesian Government and Sam Ratulangi University for their financial support and Professor Ronny Purwadi at the Bioenergy Lab, Chemical Engineering of ITB Bandung, who assisted and provided the authors with the preparation and measurement of the blended fuels. We give special gratitude to the institutions, PEM AKAMIGAS Cepu Blora, Central Java, Chemical Engineering of ITS Surabaya, to measure the fuel parameters.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.20.8.8286[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]