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Characterization of Gamma Knife Perfexion™ source based on Monte Carlo simulation
Junios J.a, Irhas I.a, Novitrian N.a, Soediatmoko E.b, Haryanto F.a, Su’ud Z.a, Fielding A.L.c
a Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
b Gamma Knife Centre Indonesia, Siloam Hospital Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang, 15811, Indonesia
c Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Australia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2020, Japanese Society of Radiological Technology and Japan Society of Medical Physics.This study is aimed at characterizing a single Cobalt-60 source capsule of the Gamma Knife Perfexion™ unit using the BEAMnrc Monte Carlo code. The Gamma Knife Perfexion™ source capsule was modeled using the BEAMnrc user code according to the manufacturer’s technical details. The modeled parts include the source, the area around the source, and the capsule. The cylindrical source is 1 mm in diameter and 17 mm in length, with a physical density (ρ) of 8.9 × 103 kg/m3. The simulation parameters were an electron cutoff energy (ECUT) of 0.7 meV and photon cutoff energy (PCUT) of 0.01 meV. Energy fluence was calculated on a 0.25 cm diameter scoring plane located 3.1 cm from the source. Simulations were performed with and without the encapsulation of the source to investigate its effect on the spectrum and fluence of emitted gamma rays. The results showed that the influence of source encapsulation on the gamma rays is an increase in the relative number of particles in each energy bin of aggregate gamma rays by 92.36% at 0.23 meV energy and 66.12% at 1.10 meV energy. The secondary gamma rays were found to increase by 94.17% at 0.23 meV energy and 63.74% at 1.10 meV energy. The encapsulation of the source attenuated the gamma rays, which altered the spectrum. The mean energy of the beam increased, thereby exhibiting a beam-hardening effect.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Capsule,Cobalt-60 source,Gamma knife perfexion™,Monte carlo simulation[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][{‘$’: ‘This study was funded by the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Directorate General of Resources for Science, Technology, and Higher Education (grant number B/1536/D3.2/KD.02.00/2019). Program Penelitian Kolaborasi Indonesia (PPKI) (grant number 020/WCU-ITB/LL/I/2020). We would also like to thank the Indonesian Education Scholarship (LPDP) (grant number PRJ-5740/LPDP.3/2016), Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. The Science and Engineering Faculty of QUT for hosting our scientific visit, and the High-Performance Computing Unit of QUT for allowing us to use the supercomputer for simulations.’}, {‘$’: ‘This study was funded by the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Directorate General of Resources for Science, Technology, and Higher Education (grant number B/1536/D3.2/KD.02.00/2019). Program Penelitian Kolaborasi Indonesia (PPKI) (grant number 020/WCU-ITB/LL/I/2020). We would also like to thank the Indonesian Education Scholarship (LPDP) (grant number PRJ-5740/LPDP.3/2016), Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. The Science and Engineering Faculty of QUT for hosting our scientific visit, and the High-Performance Computing Unit of QUT for allowing us to use the supercomputer for simulations.’}][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1007/s12194-020-00590-3[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]