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Incorporation of phenol-formaldehyde-based black liquor as an adhesive on the performance of plywood
a School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2018 Tati Karliati et al.Background and Objectives: Adhesives are one of the most important ingredients in plywood industry. Black liquor (BL), a liquid comprising waste from the pulping process, was used to reduce adhesive consumption in plywood production. The characteristics of BL and properties of phenol-formaldehyde-based black liquor as an adhesive on the performance of jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) plywood were investigated. Materials and Methods: Adhesive mixes were prepared using phenol-formaldehyde (PF) with the seven kraft BL-based adhesive added (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% (w/w). Three-ply panels were produced at glue spread of 180 g cm–2, then pressurized at 10 kg f cm–2 at a temperature of 140ºC for four minutes (PF-BL plywood). The physical and mechanical properties of PF-BL plywood were analyzed according to Standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI) and Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS). Results: The crystallinity of BL was 25.88%, mean while methanethiol (CAS) mercaptomethane, ethanedioic acid (CAS) oxalic acid, methanethiobis-(CAS) 2-thiapropane, phenol 2-methoxy-CAS guaiacol, phenol 2,6-dimethoxy-CAS 2,6 dimethoxy phenol were the dominant of chemical components in BL. Jabon plywood bonding with PF-BLadhesiveup to 30% of BL addition, met the SNI and JAS standards. The best treatment for PF-BL plywood was reached at 15% of BL addition. Conclusion: Up to 30% BL addition can be used to reduce PF resin in order to produce PF based plywood. BL was a potential material for decreasing the use of PF-based adhesive for plywood.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Adhesive,Anthocephalus cadamba miq,Black liquor,Phenol-formaldehyde,Plywood[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]The authors are grateful to Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) for providing research grants through The Program of Research, Community Services and Innovation (P3MI)-ITB. The authors also wish to thank PT SumberGraha Sejahtera (SGS), Tangerang, Indonesia and PT. Pindo Deli Pulp and Paper Mills, Karawang, Indonesia and PT.Pamolite Adhesive Industry, Jakarta, for supporting and providing the materials and equipment facilities.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2018.346.353[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]