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A 16,000-year record of climate, vegetation and fire from Wallacean lowland tropical forests
Hamilton R.a, Stevenson J.a, Li B.a, Bijaksana S.b
a School of Culture, History and Language, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2610, Australia
b Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2019 Elsevier LtdThe tropical forests of Sulawesi represent some of the most diverse, biogeographically significant ecosystems globally. However, long-term ecological data for the region are scarce, making it difficult to predict vegetation response to future climatic and anthropogenic drivers of change. This is problematic as gauging the acclimation thresholds of forests within tropical Asia has been identified as an IPCC policy imperative. This study uses palynological and geochemical analysis of sediments from a tectonic basin – Lake Lantoa – to reconstruct the hydroclimatic, fire, and tropical rainforest dynamics of south Sulawesi over 16,000 years, and reveal the response of lowland ultramafic forest to large-scale environmental change. Our results show that the Late Pleistocene was characterised by a drier, more seasonal climate and persistent fire in the landscape. These conditions supported a slightly open, Gymnostoma-rich, semi-seasonal forest, and constrained the available habitat range for hydrophilic tropical conifers. Increased effective moisture in the Holocene, interpreted from the onset of periodic lake stratification under deeper conditions, appears to have precluded forest burning, and facilitated the expansion of a lowland ultramafic rainforest and upland tropical coniferous forest. An increase in garden/secondary forest taxa and ground ferns from ∼2 cal kyrs BP implies increased human management of the landscape. While these data highlight the compositional dynamism of lowland forest in Wallacea to seasonality, fire, and reduced precipitation, they demonstrate biome-scale resilience to glacial-scale environmental change. This contrasts with interpretations of forest sensitivity to climatic change drawn from analysis of leaf wax isotopes from adjacent lake basins, highlighting the value of adopting multi-proxy, taxonomically high-resolution techniques for reconstructing floristic histories.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Climate dynamics,Holocenes,Lake levels,Pleistocene,Southeastern Asia,Tropical palynology,Vegetation dynamics[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Charcoal,Climate dynamics,Geochemistry,Holocene,Lagoons & swamps,Lake level,Lakes,Pleistocene,Sedimentology,Southeastern Asia,Tropical palynology,Vegetation dynamics[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][{‘$’: ‘This research was carried out under RISTEK permit number 267 and Australian Research Council Funding ( ARC-DP110101357 ), and conducted with authorisation from the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia. Special thanks to the office of Bupati Luwu Timur as well as Camat Nuha and Camat Towuti for permission to undertake this work. We also thank the Mahalona community for their consent, hospitality and logistical support. Fieldwork would not have been possible without the considerable support of PT Vale Indonesia. In particular we would like to thank Megawati Ihyamuis, Ann Sjamsu, Mario Paventi, Sudarmin and Gde Tutuko for their kindness, patience and tireless help. A very special thanks goes to Megawati and Sudarmin for organising a recovery mission after our 4 th flat tyre in 24\u202fhours. Gerald Tamantuan from Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, is also thanked for his time spent with us travelling to Soroako. Getting to and from this site required a skilled driver and we would like to thank Kaimuddin Am for the many tiring journeys we made to and from Lantoa. JS was supported by Sinyo Rio and ANU colleague Jack Fenner on the lake, both of whom were indispensable in collecting this 16,000 years of environmental history from Sulawesi. Katherine Grant from the ANU Research School of Earth Science provided support with the collection and processing of the XRF data used in this paper. Finally, we thank the three anonymous reviewers whose thoughtful comments served to improve this manuscript.’}, {‘$’: ‘This research was carried out under RISTEK permit number 267 and Australian Research Council Funding (ARC-DP110101357), and conducted with authorisation from the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia. Special thanks to the office of Bupati Luwu Timur as well as Camat Nuha and Camat Towuti for permission to undertake this work. We also thank the Mahalona community for their consent, hospitality and logistical support. Fieldwork would not have been possible without the considerable support of PT Vale Indonesia. In particular we would like to thank Megawati Ihyamuis, Ann Sjamsu, Mario Paventi, Sudarmin and Gde Tutuko for their kindness, patience and tireless help. A very special thanks goes to Megawati and Sudarmin for organising a recovery mission after our 4th flat tyre in 24?hours. Gerald Tamantuan from Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, is also thanked for his time spent with us travelling to Soroako. Getting to and from this site required a skilled driver and we would like to thank Kaimuddin Am for the many tiring journeys we made to and from Lantoa. JS was supported by Sinyo Rio and ANU colleague Jack Fenner on the lake, both of whom were indispensable in collecting this 16,000 years of environmental history from Sulawesi. Katherine Grant from the ANU Research School of Earth Science provided support with the collection and processing of the XRF data used in this paper. Finally, we thank the three anonymous reviewers whose thoughtful comments served to improve this manuscript.’}][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105929[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]