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Finite element analysis of liquefied ammonia tank for mobility vehicles employing polymers and composites
Reynaldo A.a, Pramono H.S.a, Santosa S.P.a, Aziz M.
a Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
b Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624529070653{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner layout=”boxed”][vc_column_inner width=”3/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1624695412187{border-right-width: 1px !important;border-right-color: #dddddd !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-radius: 1px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Abstract” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]© 2020 by the authors.Hydrogen has attracted global attention as a clean secondary energy source and has numerous possible applications, including fuel for vehicles. To store the hydrogen effectively, ammonia is considered promising due to high hydrogen density, stability, and total energy efficiency. Adopting ammonia as a fuel in vehicles requires a proper fuel tank design to fulfill the required volumetric content and safety standards, without neglecting the economic objectives. In general, a type-IV pressure vessel is utilized as a fuel tank because it is the lightest one, compared to other types of pressure vessel. This paper focuses on the effort to develop a lightweight type-IV ammonia pressure vessel designed for mobility vehicles. The material combination (liner and composite) and composite stacking sequence are analyzed for both burst and impact tests by using a finite element method. Two polymer materials of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP) are evaluated as the liner considering their ultimate tensile strength, density, cost, and compatibility with ammonia, while carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) are adopted as composite skins. In addition, five composite stacking sequences are analyzed in this study. Von Mises stress and Hashin’s damage initiation criteria are used to evaluate the performance of liner and composite, respectively. As the results, PP-based pressure vessels generate lower stress in the liner compared to PET-based vessels. In addition, CFRP-based pressure vessels have a higher safety margin and are able to generate lower stress in the liner and lower damage initiation criteria in the composite skin. The material combination of PP-CFRP with a stacking sequence of [90/±30/90]3s gives the lowest maximum stress in the liner during the burst test, while, for the impact test, the stacking sequence of [90/±θ/90]3s is considered the most appropriate option to realize a lower stress at the liner, although this tendency is relatively small for vessels with PP liner.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Author keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Carbon fiber reinforced polymer,Economic objectives,Glass fiber reinforced polymer,Hydrogen densities,Material combination,Polyethylene terephthalates (PET),Secondary energy sources,Ultimate tensile strength[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Indexed keywords” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]Ammonia,Burst test,Finite element method,Impact test,Mobility vehicle,Type-IV pressure vessel[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”Funding details” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text][/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_empty_space][megatron_heading title=”DOI” size=”size-sm” text_align=”text-left”][vc_column_text]https://doi.org/10.3390/en13205312[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]Widget Plumx[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1624528584150{padding-top: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 25px !important;}”][/vc_column][/vc_row]